憩室病结肠镜检查

Colonoscopy of Diverticular Disease

A colonoscopy displaying multiple diverticulae
Diverticular disease occurs when pouches (diverticula) in the intestine, usually the large intestine or colon, become inflamed. Most diverticula occur in the sigmoid colon, the curved part of the large intestine closest to the rectum, and they tend to become more numerous as we age.

Diverticulosis is the presence of many diverticula along the intestinal wall. It occurs more commonly in countries such as the U.S. where the diet is generally low in fiber. More than 50% of adults over age 70 have diverticula, and 80% have no symptoms.

Diverticulitis occurs when one or more diverticula become inflamed. The inflammation may be local (just in the area of the diverticulum), or may spread to the abdominal lining (peritoneum), called peritonitis. Small (microscopic) or large perforations (holes in the intestinal wall) occur in 15 - 20% of people who have diverticula.

Signs and Symptoms:

Often diverticula cause no symptoms, although you may experience irregularities in bowel habits. If symptoms do appear, they may include the following:

Abdominal pain, especially after a meal on the lower left side of the abdomen
Either painless rectal bleeding or passing of blood in stool
Fever
Nausea
Vomiting
Irregular bowel movements, including constipation or diarrhea
Gas
Bloating
Some people with diverticulitis develop fistulas, or abnormal passageways from the intestines into the abdomen or to another organ such as the bladder. This may lead to a urinary tract infection, gas in the urine, pain while urinating, or a more frequent need to urinate.

Some people develop peritonitis, an inflammation of the lining of the abdomen. Symptoms of peritonitis may include sudden abdominal pain, muscle spasms, guarding (involuntary contraction of muscles to protect the affected area), and possibly sepsis, the term for an infection that has spread to the blood. Peritonitis can be life threatening if left untreated.

What Causes It?:

The cause of diverticular disease is unknown, but several factors may contribute to changes in the wall of the colon. These include aging, the movement of waste through the colon, changes in intestinal pressure, a low fiber diet, and physical abnormalities.

Who's Most At Risk?:

These factors increase the risk for developing diverticular disease:

Low fiber diet
Advanced age (more than half of people over age 70 have the condition)
Obesity
Male gender, for diverticulitis
The following may contribute as well:


多个憩室
憩室病结肠镜检查显示发生当袋（憩室）在肠道内，通常是大肠或结肠，成为发炎。大多数憩室发生在乙状结肠，最靠近直肠大肠弯曲部分，他们往往变得越来越多，因为我们的年龄。憩室是存在许多憩室沿肠壁。更经常发生的国家，如美国一般低纤维饮食是。超过50％的70岁以上的成年人有憩室，80％没有症状。憩室发生，当一个或多个憩室发炎。炎症可能是本地的（只是在憩室面积），或可能扩散到腹部的衣料（腹膜），称为腹膜炎。小（微观）或大穿孔（孔在肠壁）发生在15 - 20％的人有憩室的症状和体征：常憩室引起任何症状，尽管您可能会遇到不规则排便习惯。如果症状出现，他们可能包括以下内容：腹部疼痛，特别是饭后上腹部左下侧，无论是无痛性便血，或通过血液，粪便发烧恶心呕吐不规则排便，包括燃气腹胀便秘或腹泻的一些从肠道到腹部或其他器官如膀胱憩室炎的人开发瘘，或不正常的通道。这可能会导致尿路感染，尿液中的气体，排尿时疼痛，或需要更频繁地小便。有人开发性腹膜炎，腹部的衬里 ​​的炎症。腹膜炎的症状可能包括突然腹痛，肌肉痉挛，守卫（肌肉不自主收缩，以防止受影响的区域），可能是败血症感染已经扩散到血液，术语。性腹膜炎，可危及生命，如果不及时治疗，是什么原因造成的？憩室病的原因是未知的，但有几个因素可能会导致在结肠壁的变化。这些措施包括老龄化，废物通过结肠运动，肠道压力，低纤维的饮食，和身体异常变化。谁最危险？：这些因素增加的风险发展憩室病：低纤维饮食先进的年龄（超过一半的70岁以上的人具备的条件）肥胖男性，憩室炎，以及可能会导致以下：

点击此处获取下载地址.txt (483 Bytes, 下载次数: 0, 售价: 99 香叶)

2013-5-7 08:17 上传

点击文件名下载附件