腹腔镜输卵管切除术和输精管切除术抑制自由放养海狸鼠 (Myocastor coypus) 的生育能力

海狸鼠 (Myocastor coypus) 是一种在欧洲广泛传播的外来入侵物种，在许多地区被视为害虫。 已经提出了几个遏制计划，通常，安乐死是唯一可用的选择。 在本研究中评估了一种基于海狸鼠手术繁殖控制的替代方法。 腹腔镜输卵管切除术和输精管切除术可以通过迅速恢复和将动物放归自然来抑制生育能力。 该技术可应用于城市和人为化地区，在这些地区，其他控制方法的应用可能会受到公众舆论的阻碍。 开发和评估程序的结果表明，腹腔镜输卵管切除术和输精管切除术代表了一种有效、安全和多功能的外来入侵物种管理工具。

海狸鼠 (Myocastor coypus) 是一种外来入侵物种，广泛分布于欧洲。 根据法规 (EU) no. 1143/2014，海狸鼠受到管理计划的约束，以减少其传播。 手术生育控制被认为是一种可以接受的方法，特别是在城市环境中，可以避免安乐死。 为了维持荷尔蒙模式以及社会和行为动态，建议进行保留性腺的手术受精（即输卵管切除术和输精管切除术）。 在处理野生动物时，微创手术是一个合格的选择，可以减少圈养时间。 出于这些原因，在意大利城市核心区捕获的 77 只自由放养的海狸鼠在全身麻醉下进行了受精； 对 32 只动物进行了腹腔镜输卵管切除术和输精管切除术，对其余动物进行了传统手术，将性腺留在原位。 使用了三端口技术，两个旁正中套管针（5 毫米）用于器械，一个正中套管针用于望远镜。 消融是通过 Onemytis® 等离子设备进行的，允许快速手术时间，无需放置内脏缝合线； 皮肤通过手术闭合。 恢复后，动物被释放，没有发现明显的并发症。 没有注意到行为模式的改变，并且在接下来的几个月中人口减少了。

腹腔镜输卵管切除术和输精管切除术抑制自由放养海狸鼠 (Myocastor coypus) 的生育能力

图 1
输卵管切除术的器械定位(右侧视图)。

腹腔镜输卵管切除术和输精管切除术抑制自由放养海狸鼠 (Myocastor coypus) 的生育能力

图 2
输精管结扎术的器械定位(右侧视图)。

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