扁桃体切除术【英文讲义】

Tonsillectomy

                               
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Tonsillectomy

Definition

Tonsillectomy is really a surgical treatment to get rid of the tonsils. The tonsils are the main lymphatic system that is accountable for preventing infection.

Purpose

Tonsils are taken out whenever a person, usually a young child, has the following conditions:

• recurrent or continual abscesses or throat infections
• inability to swallow properly due to enlarged tonsils
• obstruction
• a breathy voice or other speech problem because of enlarged tonsils
• sleep apnea is really a symptom in which a person snores loudly and can stop breathing temporarily at intervals while asleep
  

Physicians aren't in complete agreement about the quantity of sore throats that require a tonsillectomy. Most would agree with the fact that four cases of strep throat in twelve months; six or even more episodes of tonsillitis in a single year; or five or even more episodes of tonsillitis each year for 2 years indicate how the tonsils ought to be removed.

Description

A tonsillectomy is generally performed under general anesthesia, even though adults may get from time to time a local anesthetic. The physician depresses the tongue to be able to begin to see the throat, and eliminates the tonsils by having an instrument resembling a scoop. Alternate means of removing tonsils are now being investigated, such as lasers along with other electronics.

Who performs the process and where could it be carried out?

A tonsillectomy is conducted within an outpatient facility of a hospital with a general surgeon or otolaryngologist is a physician who focuses on treating disorders from the ear, nose, and throat.

Diagnosis/Preparation

Tonsillectomy procedures aren't performed as often today because they were in the past. One reason behind a far more conservative approach may be the risk involved whenever a person is put under general anesthesia. In some instances, a tonsillectomy should be altered or postponed:

• Bleeding disorders should be sufficiently managed just before surgery.
• Acute tonsillitis ought to be successfully treated just before surgery. Treatment may delay the surgery 3 to 4 weeks.
  

Questions a patient should ask a doctor:

• How many tonsillectomy procedures have got the surgeon done?
• What would be the resulting functional status from the body following the operation?
• Has the surgeon operated on children?
• Is the surgeon board certified in neck and head surgery?
  

Risks

There's a chance that youngsters with earlier normal speech will build up a nasal-sounding voice. Additionally, children younger than 5 years might be emotionally upset through the hospital experience. Patient will find risks related to any surgical treatment, including post-operative infection and bleeding.

Morbidity and mortality rates

Morbidity apart from minor post-surgical infection is unusual. About one out of every 15,000 tonsillectomies leads to death, either in the anesthesia or bleeding 5 to 7 days following the operation.

Normal results

Normal results range from the correction from the condition that the surgery was carried out.

Demographics

A tonsillectomy is among the most typical surgical treatments among children. It's uncommon among adults. Around 3/4 of surgical candidates they are under age 18.

Aftercare

Persons are switched on their side following the operation to avoid the potential of blood being drawn to the lungs. Vital signs are administered. Patients can stay hydrated along with other non-irritating liquids when they're fully awake. Adults are often warned to anticipate an extremely a sore throat plus some bleeding following the operation. They're given antibiotics to avoid infection, plus some receive pain-relieving medications. Not less than the very first twenty four hours, individuals are directed to drink fluids and eat soft, pureed foods. Individuals are usually told to go home following the day of surgery. They're given directions to call their surgeon when there is bleeding or earache, or fever that lasts longer than three days. They're told to anticipate a white scab to create within the throat between five and ten days after surgery.

Alternatives

There aren't any options to surgery from the tonsils. Drug therapy can be utilized for recurrent infections relating to the tonsils.