美国癌症协会的一项大型研究的证据表明，输精管结扎术并不显著增加患前列腺癌风险。

美国癌症协会的一项大型研究的证据表明，输精管结扎术并不显著增加患前列腺癌风险。
A large study from the American Cancer Society adds to the evidence that vasectomy does not meaningfully increase prostate cancer risk.

Lead author Eric Jacobs, PhD, was intrigued when a large study came out in 2014 that found a small increase in fatal prostate cancer among men who had vasectomy, a surgical form of male birth control that prevents the release of sperm. Hundreds of thousands of men get this minor procedure every year in the US, and most other studies have found that it does not increase prostate cancer risk. Jacobs, the strategic director of pharmacoepidemiology at the American Cancer Society, wanted to investigate the issue further.
作者Eric Jacobs，博士，很好奇当一个大型的研究，发现了2014人的输精管切除术中致命的前列腺癌的一个小的增加，男性的生育控制，防止精子释放的手术形式。在美国，每年有成千上万的人在这个小程序，大多数其他的研究发现，它不会增加前列腺癌的风险。雅可布，在美国癌症协会担任战略总监，想进一步研究的问题。

“Vasectomy is an inexpensive, very effective method of long-term birth control. If there isn’t an increase in the risk of prostate cancer, then we wouldn’t want that concern to discourage anybody from getting a vasectomy. We wanted to help inform this decision,” Jacobs says.
“输精管结扎术是一种廉价的、非常有效的长期避孕方法。如果没有前列腺癌的风险增加，那么我们就不想阻止任何人获得关注输精管切除术。“我们想帮助告知这个决定，”雅可布说。

He and fellow Society epidemiologists used data collected from 1982 to 2012 from Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II), a prospective mortality study of approximately 1.2 million Americans. (In plain English: In 1982 the study recruited men and women who did not have cancer, and has followed their health behaviors and outcomes for more than three decades.) Researchers examined the association between vasectomy and prostate cancer deaths among 363,726 men in CPS-II. They also examined the association between vasectomy and prostate cancer incidence (how many people got it) among 66,542 men in a subgroup called the CPS-II Nutrition Cohort.
他和同伴社会流行病学家用来收集1982到2012的癌症预防研究II（一项名为数据），约120万的美国人预期死亡率研究。（在平原英语：1982研究对象的男性和女性谁没有癌症，并跟踪他们的健康行为和结果超过三年。）的研究人员检测了输精管和前列腺癌的死亡率之间的关联在一项名为363726人之间。他们还检查了输精管和前列腺癌的发病率之间的关联（有多少人得到它）在66542人一组称为一项名为营养队列。

The study, which was published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, found no evidence to suggest that vasectomy increases the risk of prostate cancer overall, nor that it increases the risk of high-grade prostate cancer, the kind more likely to be lethal. The study also found that vasectomy did not increase the risk of dying from prostate cancer. Yet Jacobs points out that no single study, not even one this large, is the final word. So what does that mean for men?
这项研究发表在临床肿瘤学杂志，没有发现任何证据表明，输精管结扎术会增加前列腺癌的风险整体，也不是它增加了高档前列腺癌，那种更可能是致命的风险。研究还发现，输精管结扎术并未增加患前列腺癌死亡的风险。然而，雅各布指出，没有任何一个研究中，连一个也没有这么大，是一锤定音。那么，这是否意味着男人？

“Only a small increase was found in the earlier [2014] study and no increase was found in ours, so if I were considering a vasectomy I wouldn’t be too worried about prostate cancer,” Jacobs says. “For men who want to do something to lower their risk of fatal prostate cancer, there are two things that they can do: maintain a healthy weight and quit smoking. Smoking and obesity have consistently been linked with higher risk of fatal prostate cancer.”
“只有一个小的增加在早期的[ 2014 ]研究发现并没有增加被发现在我们的，所以如果我是考虑结扎了我不会太担心前列腺癌，”雅可布说。对于那些想做一些降低患前列腺癌风险的男性来说，他们可以做的两件事：保持健康的体重和戒烟。吸烟和肥胖一直与致命的前列腺癌的高风险。”