胰十二指肠切除术（惠普尔手术）

Whipples Procedure (Pancreaticoduodenectomy) by Dr Majid Ahmed Talikoti

What is Pancreaticoduodenectomy?

A pancreaticoduodenectomy, pancreatoduodenectomy, Whipple method, or Kausch-Whipple procedure, is usually a major surgical operation relating to the pancreas, duodenum, and other organs. This operation is conducted to treat cancerous tumours within the head of the pancreas, malignant tumors relating to the common bile duct, duodenal papilla, or duodenum close to the pancreas, and also some circumstances of pancreatitis with or without a definitive cause.

History
This procedure was originally described simply by Alessandro Codivilla, an Italian language surgeon, in 1898. The first resection for a periampullary cancer was performed by the German surgeon Walther Kausch with 1909 and described simply by Kausch in 1912. Choosing called Whipple's procedure or perhaps the Whipple procedure, after the American medical expert Allen Whipple who devised an increased version of the surgical procedures in 1935 and subsequently invented multiple refinements to their technique.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy versus full pancreatectomy
Clinical trials have did not demonstrate significant survival features about total pancreatectomy, mostly because patients who submit for this operation tend to experience a particularly severe form regarding diabetes mellitus called brittle diabetes. Sometimes the pancreaticojejunostomy may well not hold properly after the completion with the operation and infection may spread within the patient. This may lead to another operation shortly thereafter that remainder of the pancreas (and often the spleen) is removed to counteract further spread of contamination and possible morbidity.

                               
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